What Are Urinary Stones in Pets?

By: Dr. Christopher Campbell

Urolithiasis, also known as urinary stones or bladder stones, is a common but serious urinary issue for both dogs and cats. These stones most commonly form in the bladder but may also occur in the kidneys, ureter, or urethra. Urinary stones are mineralized deposits that develop due to a combination of diet, genetics, and infection. They often start as tiny crystals that gradually grow into larger stones

Signs of Bladder Stones in Dogs and Cats

Pets with urinary stones may show signs such as:

  • Frequent urination
  • Straining or difficulty urinating
  • Blood in the urine
  • Urinating in unusual places
  • Crying or vocalizing when trying to urinate

These symptoms can look similar to a urinary tract infection, which is why it’s so important to seek veterinary care quickly for the correct diagnosis.

How Veterinarians Diagnose Urinary Stones

Your veterinarian will review your pet’s history, perform a full physical exam, and recommend diagnostic testing. A urinalysis can detect crystals or infection in the urine, while imaging such as X-rays or ultrasound helps identify bladder stones. In many cases, both tests are performed together since urinary tract infections and bladder stones can occur at the same time.

Treatment Options for Bladder Stones

Treatment depends on the type, size, and location of the stones. Options may include:

  • Surgery: Manual removal of stones when they are large, obstructive, or cannot be dissolved.
  • Prescription Diets: Some stones can be dissolved with a veterinarian-recommended urinary diet.

Preventing Urinary Stones in Pets

Even after treatment, pets are at risk for recurrence. To reduce this risk, your veterinarian may recommend a special diet along with routine checkups and assessments.

When to Call Your Veterinarian

If your dog or cat shows signs of straining, blood in the urine, or pain when urinating, contact your veterinarian immediately. Bladder stones can become life-threatening if they cause a urinary blockage.

—

Questions or concerns? Contact us!